Previsioni di mercato del sistema informativo del pronto soccorso in Europa fino al 2028: impatto del COVID-19 e analisi regionale per tipologia (soluzioni best-of-breed e soluzioni aziendali), applicazione (immissione di ordini, documentazione clinica, monitoraggio dei pazienti, prescrizione elettronica e altri), e utente finale (ospedali piccoli, ospedali di medie dimensioni e ospedali grandi) e geografia
Si prevede che il mercato europeo dei sistemi informativi del pronto soccorso raggiungerà i 460,85 milioni di dollari entro il 2028, rispetto ai 206,14 milioni di dollari del 2021; si prevede che crescerà a un CAGR del 12,2% dal 2021 al 2028.
L\'aumento del flusso di pazienti nei dipartimenti di emergenza e l\'elevata adozione tasso di sistema informativo del pronto soccorso stanno guidando la crescita del mercato europeo dei sistemi informativi del pronto soccorso. Il dipartimento dei servizi medici di emergenza (EMS) fornisce cure acute e gestisce pazienti affetti da gravi complicazioni mediche ed emergenze ostetriche e chirurgiche. Il dipartimento è inoltre attrezzato per curare lesioni, infezioni, infarti, ictus, asma e complicazioni acute della gravidanza. I servizi richiesti in caso di catastrofi naturali sono inclusi anche nei servizi medici di emergenza. La domanda di servizi di pronto soccorso nelle strutture sanitarie è in aumento a causa della crescente incidenza di arresti cardiaci e incidenti. Secondo l’European Resuscitation Council, l’incidenza dell’arresto cardiaco in Europa è compresa tra 67 e 170 ogni 100.000 abitanti. Secondo le stime fornite da ictus.org.uk, si prevede che il numero di casi di ictus nella regione aumenterà in modo significativo nei prossimi anni. Le proiezioni del rapporto indicano che il numero totale di eventi di ictus nell’Unione Europea crescerà da 613.148 nel 2015 a 819.771 entro il 2035, con un aumento del 34%. Questi fattori aumentano il flusso di pazienti nei dipartimenti di emergenza. Secondo la Società Europea di Medicina d\'Urgenza vengono segnalate circa 100-300 visite al pronto soccorso ogni 1.000 abitanti all\'anno; Ogni anno il 25% della popolazione si reca al pronto soccorso; e il 70-80% dei ricoveri ospedalieri sono generati al Pronto Soccorso. La crescente pressione sui servizi medici di emergenza ha portato all\'adozione di varie strategie, come l\'implementazione di sistemi informativi del pronto soccorso.
Market Insights
Lo sviluppo delle infrastrutture sanitarie in Europa e l\'aumento del flusso di pazienti nei reparti di emergenza stanno creando significative opportunità per i principali attori del mercato di espandere le proprie attività. Il mercato europeo dei sistemi informativi del pronto soccorso è dominato da paesi come Germania, Francia, Regno Unito, Italia e Spagna. La morte cardiaca improvvisa (MCI) è una delle principali cause di morte nei paesi occidentali, come la Germania. La crescente incidenza di malattie d\'emergenza, unita all\'incremento della popolazione geriatrica in Germania, aumenterebbe la crescita del mercato nel paese durante il periodo di previsione. Le persone anziane hanno un\'influenza crescente sulla società tedesca. Questo modello è influenzato da molti fattori. In primo luogo, la generazione dei baby boomer raggiungerà presto l’età pensionabile. Nello stesso periodo, grazie al miglioramento delle condizioni di vita, l’aspettativa di vita sta crescendo. È quasi raddoppiato dal 19° secolo e oggi è pari a 78 per i ragazzi e 83 per le ragazze. Entro il 2034, in Germania 24 milioni di persone avranno 65 anni o più, ovvero il 31% della popolazione. Inoltre, il numero crescente di popolazioni geriatriche, unito alla crescente incidenza di attacchi di cuore, aumenterà la domanda del sistema informativo del pronto soccorso (EDIS) in Francia. La popolazione geriatrica francese di età pari o superiore a 65 anni era del 20,8% nel 2020. In Francia, la principale causa di morte sono gli attacchi di cuore e il cancro. Anche se la maggior parte dei nuovi casi riguarda anziani, questi sono vulnerabili a varie malattie. Secondo fondationdefrance.org, un adulto francese su tre presenta gravi fattori di rischio per malattie cardiovascolari. Ogni anno in Francia vengono segnalati oltre 120.000 attacchi di cuore, con il 10% delle vittime che muore entro un\'ora.
Dipartimento di emergenza europeo Mercato dei sistemi informativi, per utente finale: 2021 e 2028
Applicazione: approfondimenti
In base all\'applicazione, l\'emergenza Europa Il mercato dei sistemi informativi dipartimentali è segmentato in inserimento ordini, documentazione clinica, monitoraggio dei pazienti, prescrizione elettronica e altri. Il segmento delle entità di ordine deteneva la quota maggiore del mercato nel 2021, mentre si prevede che il segmento della prescrizione elettronica registrerà il CAGR più elevato durante il periodo di previsione. La crescita del mercato per il segmento applicativo è guidata dall\'aumento della domanda di cartelle cliniche elettroniche e dall\'aumento del flusso di pazienti al pronto soccorso.
Approfondimenti strategici
Varie strategie aziendali come collaborazioni, novità sui prodotti, partnership tecnologiche, fusioni e acquisizioni da parte degli attori nel mercato europeo dei sistemi informativi del pronto soccorso collegano la domanda e l\'offerta gap.
Profili aziendali
- Allscripts Healthcare, LLC
Profili aziendali
- Allscripts Healthcare, LLC
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- Cerner Corporation
- eHealth-Tec
- Epic Systems Corporation span>
- Medical Information Technology, Inc
- Q-nomy Inc
- Picis
- Vitale
- EMIS Salute
- Sublimdo
- Allscripts Healthcare, LLC
1. Introduction
1.1 Scope of the Study
1.2 The Insight Partners Research Report Guidance
1.3 Market Segmentation
1.3.1 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – By Type
1.3.2 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – By Application
1.3.3 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – By End User
1.3.4 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – By Country
2. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Key Takeaways
3. Research Methodology
3.1 Coverage
3.2 Secondary Research
3.3 Primary Research
4. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) - Market Landscape
4.1 Overview
4.2 PEST Analysis
4.2.1 Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market - Europe PEST Analysis
4.3 Expert Opinion
5. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Key Market Dynamics
5.1 Market Drivers
5.1.1 Increase in Patient Flow at Emergency Departments
5.1.2 High Adoption Rate of Emergency Department Information Systems
5.2 Market Restraints
5.2.1 Need for Huge Investments and Lack of Skilled Healthcare IT Professionals
5.3 Market Opportunities
5.3.1 Progress in Digitalizing Healthcare Services in Europe
5.4 Future Trends
5.4.1 Emergence of Cloud-Based EDIS Services
5.5 Impact Analysis
6. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Geographic Analysis
6.1 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue Forecast and Analysis
6.2 Market Positioning
7. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028– by Type
7.1 Overview
7.2 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, By Type, 2021 & 2028 (%)
7.3 Enterprise Solutions
7.3.1 Overview
7.3.2 Enterprise Solutions: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2028 (US$ Million)
7.4 Best-of-Breed Solutions
7.4.1 Overview
7.4.2 Best-of-Breed Solutions: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2028 (US$ Million)
8. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 – Application
8.1 Overview
8.2 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Share by Application - 2021 & 2028 (%)
8.3 Patient Tracking
8.3.1 Overview
8.3.2 Patient Tracking: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
8.4 E-Prescribing
8.4.1 Overview
8.4.2 E-Prescribing: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
8.5 Clinical Documentation
8.5.1 Overview
8.5.2 Clinical Documentation: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
8.6 Order Entry (CPOE)
8.6.1 Overview
8.6.2 Order Entry (CPOE): Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
8.7 Others
8.7.1 Overview
8.7.2 Others: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
9. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Analysis - End User
9.1 Overview
9.2 Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Share by End-user - 2021 & 2028 (%)
9.3 Small Hospitals
9.3.1 Overview
9.3.2 Small Hospitals: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
9.4 Medium-Sized Hospitals
9.4.1 Overview
9.4.2 Medium-Sized Hospitals: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
9.5 Large Hospitals
9.5.1 Overview
9.5.2 Large Hospitals: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2028 – Geographical Analysis
10.1 Overview
10.1.1 Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.2 Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.3 Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.4 Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5 Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Country, 2021 & 2028 (%)
10.1.5.1 Germany
10.1.5.1.1 Overview
10.1.5.1.2 Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.1.3 Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.1.4 Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.1.5 Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.2 France
10.1.5.2.1 Overview
10.1.5.2.2 France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.2.3 France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.2.4 France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.2.5 France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.3 UK
10.1.5.3.1 Overview
10.1.5.3.2 UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.3.3 UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.3.4 UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.3.5 UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.4 Italy
10.1.5.4.1 Overview
10.1.5.4.2 Italy: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.4.3 Italy: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.4.4 Italy: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.4.5 Italy: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.5 Spain
10.1.5.5.1 Overview
10.1.5.5.2 Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.5.3 Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.5.4 Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.5.5 Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.6 Rest of Europe
10.1.5.6.1 Overview
10.1.5.6.2 Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.6.3 Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.6.4 Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
10.1.5.6.5 Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
11. Impact Of COVID-19 Pandemic on Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market
11.1 Europe: Impact Assessment of COVID-19 Pandemic
12. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Industry Landscape
12.1 Overview
12.2 Growth Strategies in the Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, 2019-2021
12.3 Organic Growth Strategies
12.3.1 Overview
12.4 Inorganic Growth Strategies
12.4.1 Overview
13. Company Profiles
13.1 Allscripts Healthcare, LLC
13.1.1 Key Facts
13.1.2 Business Description
13.1.3 Products and Services
13.1.4 Financial Overview
13.1.5 SWOT Analysis
13.1.6 Key Developments
13.2 Cerner Corporation
13.2.1 Key Facts
13.2.2 Business Description
13.2.3 Products and Services
13.2.4 Financial Overview
13.2.5 SWOT Analysis
13.2.6 Key Developments
13.3 eHealth-Tec
13.3.1 Key Facts
13.3.2 Business Description
13.3.3 Products and Services
13.3.4 Financial Overview
13.3.5 SWOT Analysis
13.3.6 Key Developments
13.4 Epic Systems Corporation
13.4.1 Key Facts
13.4.2 Business Description
13.4.3 Products and Services
13.4.4 Financial Overview
13.4.5 SWOT Analysis
13.4.6 Key Developments
13.5 Medical Information Technology, Inc.
13.5.1 Key Facts
13.5.2 Business Description
13.5.3 Products and Services
13.5.4 Financial Overview
13.5.5 SWOT Analysis
13.5.6 Key Developments
13.6 Q-nomy Inc.
13.6.1 Key Facts
13.6.2 Business Description
13.6.3 Products and Services
13.6.4 Financial Overview
13.6.5 SWOT Analysis
13.6.6 Key Developments
13.7 Picis
13.7.1 Key Facts
13.7.2 Business Description
13.7.3 Products and Services
13.7.4 Financial Overview
13.7.5 SWOT Analysis
13.7.6 Key Developments
13.8 Vital
13.8.1 Key Facts
13.8.2 Business Description
13.8.3 Products and Services
13.8.4 Financial Overview
13.8.5 SWOT Analysis
13.8.6 Key Developments
13.9 EMIS Health
13.9.1 Key Facts
13.9.2 Business Description
13.9.3 Products and Services
13.9.4 Financial Overview
13.9.5 SWOT Analysis
13.9.6 Key Developments
13.10 sublimd
13.10.1 Key Facts
13.10.2 Business Description
13.10.3 Products and Services
13.10.4 Financial Overview
13.10.5 SWOT Analysis
13.10.6 Key Developments
14. Appendix
14.1 About The Insight Partners
14.2 Glossary of Terms
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 2. Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 3. Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 4. Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 5. Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 6. Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 7. France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 8. France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 9. France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 10. UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 11. UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 12. UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 13. Italy: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 14. Italy: Emergency department information system (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 15. Italy: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 16. Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 17. Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 18. Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 19. Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Type – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 20. Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Application– Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 21. Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by End-user – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Table 22. Recent Organic Developments the Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market
Table 23. Recent Inorganic Developments in the Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market
Table 24. Glossary of Terms, Emergency Department Information System Market
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Segmentation
Figure 2. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Segmentation, By Country
Figure 3. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Overview
Figure 4. Best-of-Breed Solutions Segment Held Largest Share by Type in Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market
Figure 5. Germany to Show Significant Growth During Forecast Period
Figure 6. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market- Leading Country Markets (US$ Mn)
Figure 7. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, Industry Landscape
Figure 8. Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market - Europe PEST Analysis
Figure 9. Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Impact Analysis of Driver and Restraints
Figure 10. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue Forecast and Analysis – 2020-2028
Figure 11. Market Positioning of Key Players in Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market
Figure 12. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS ) Market, by Type, 2021 & 2028 (%)
Figure 13. Enterprise Solutions: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 14. Best-of-Breed Solutions: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 15. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Share by Application - 2021 & 2028 (%)
Figure 16. Patient Tracking: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 17. E-Prescribing: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 18. Clinical Documentation: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 19. Order Entry (CPOE): Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 20. Others: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 21. Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Share by End-user - 2021 & 2028 (%)
Figure 22. Small Hospitals: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 23. Medium-Sized Hospitals: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Large Hospitals: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 25. Europe: Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Key Country – Revenue (2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 26. Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, by Country, 2021 & 2028 (%)
Figure 28. Germany: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 29. France: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 30. UK: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 31. Italy: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Spain: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Rest of Europe: Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market – Revenue and Forecast to 2028 (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in European Country Markets
Figure 35. Growth Strategies in the Europe Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) Market, 2019-2021
The List of Companies - Europe Emergency Department Information System Market
- Allscripts Healthcare LLC
- Cerner Corporation
- eHealth-Tec
- Epic Systems Corporation
- Medical Information Technology, Inc
- Q-nomy, Inc
- Picis
- Vital
- EMIS Health
- Sublimd
- Save and reduce time carrying out entry-level research by identifying the growth, size, leading players and segments in the Europe Emergency Department Information System market.
- Highlights key business priorities in order to assist companies to realign their business strategies.
- The key findings and recommendations highlight crucial progressive industry trends in the Europe Emergency Department Information System market, thereby allowing players across the value chain to develop effective long-term strategies.
- Develop/modify business expansion plans by using substantial growth offering developed and emerging markets.
- Scrutinize in-depth global market trends and outlook coupled with the factors driving the market, as well as those hindering it.
- Enhance the decision-making process by understanding the strategies that underpin security interest with respect to client products, segmentation, pricing and distribution